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給自己做的版殺用簽，頭一次做的歐美范儿。上面那一小段英文是福爾摩斯説的評價華生的話（S01E01福爾摩斯吃藥丸的那集片尾。）
以下內容轉載自網絡：
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Dr. Watson (left) and Sherlock Holmes,
First appearance A Study in Scarlet
Last appearance "His Last Bow"
Information
Gender Male
Occupation Physician
Title Doctor
Spouse(s) Mary Morstan (wife)
Nationality English
Name
Doctor Watson's first name is mentioned
on only three occasions. Part one of the very first Sherlock Holmes
story, A Study in Scarlet, is subtitled 'Being a reprint from the
Reminiscences of John H. Watson, M.D., Late of the Army Medical
Department'. In '"The Problem of Thor Bridge"', Watson says that
his dispatch box is labeled 'John H. Watson, M.D'. Watson's wife
calls him 'Bubba' in "The Man with the Twisted Lip"; Dorothy L.
Sayers speculates that Morstan may be referring to his middle name
Hamish (which means James in Scottish Gaelic), though Doyle himself
never addresses this beyond including the initial. In every other
instance, he is called either Doctor or Watson, or both together,
and his first name is never used again.
Character Biography
In A Study in Scarlet,
Watson, as the narrator, recounts his earlier life before meeting
Holmes. It is established that Watson received his medical degree
from the University of London in 1878, and had subsequently gone on
to train at Netley as a surgeon in the British Army. He joined
British forces in India, saw service in the Second Anglo-Afghan
War, was wounded at the Battle of Maiwand, suffered enteric fever
and was sent back to England on the troopship HMS Orontes following
his recovery.
In 1881, Watson runs into an old friend of his named Stamford,
who tells him that an acquaintance of his, Sherlock Holmes, is
looking for someone to split the rent at a flat in 221B Baker
Street. Watson meets Holmes for the first time at a local hospital,
where Holmes is conducting a scientific experiment. Holmes and
Watson list their faults to each other to determine whether they
can live together, concluding that they are compatible; they
subsequently move into the flat. When Watson notices the multiple
guests which frequently visit the flat, Holmes reveals that he is a
"consulting detective" and that the guests are his clients.
By this time, Watson has already become impressed with Holmes'
knowledge of chemistry and sensational literature. He witnesses
Holmes' amazing skills at deduction as they embark on their first
case together, concerning a series of murders related to Mormon
intrigue. When the case is solved, Watson is angered that Holmes is
not given any credit for it by the press. When Holmes refuses to
record and publish his account of the adventure, Watson endeavours
to do so himself. In time, Holmes and Watson become close
friends.
In The Sign of the Four, John Watson becomes engaged to Mary
Morstan, a governess. In "The Adventure of the Empty House",
statements by Watson imply that Morstan has died by the time Holmes
returns after faking his death; that fact is confirmed when Watson
moves back to Baker Street to share lodgings with Holmes, as he had
done as a bachelor. Conan Doyle made mention of a second wife in
"The Adventure of the Illustrious Client" and "The Adventure of the
Blanched Soldier", but this wife was never named, described, or
explained.
Physical appearance
When John Watson first
returns from Afghanistan, he is described "as thin as a lath and as
brown as a nut." He is usually described as strongly built, of a
stature either average or slightly above average, with a thick,
strong neck and a small moustache. Watson used to be an athlete, as
it is mentioned in "The Adventure of the Sussex Vampire" that he
once played rugby for Blackheath, but he fears his physical
condition has declined since that point.
Personality
Watson reading bad news to
Holmes in "The Five Orange Pips".Watson is described as a crack
shot and an excellent doctor and surgeon. Intelligent, if lacking
in Holmes's insight, he serves as a perfect foil for Holmes: the
ordinary man against the brilliant, emotionally-detached analytical
machine. Conan Doyle paired two characters, different in their
function and yet each useful for his purposes.
Watson is well aware of both the limits of his abilities and
Holmes's reliance on him:
“ Holmes was a man of habits... and I had become one of them...
a comrade... upon whose nerve he could place some reliance... a
whetstone for his mind. I stimulated him... If I irritated him by a
certain methodical slowness in my mentality, that irritation served
only to make his own flame-like intuitions and impressions flash up
the more vividly and swiftly. Such was my humble role in our
alliance. – "The Adventure of the Creeping Man" ”
Conan Doyle portrays Watson as a capable and brave individual, whom
Holmes does not hesitate to call upon for both moral and physical
assistance: "Quickly Watson, get your service revolver!" Watson
sometimes attempts to solve crimes on his own, using Holmes's
methods. For example, in The Hound of the Baskervilles, Watson
efficiently clears up several of the many mysteries confronting the
pair, and Holmes praises him warmly for his zeal and intelligence.
However, because he is not endowed with Holmes's almost-superhuman
ability to focus on the essential details of the case and Holmes's
extraordinary range of recondite, specialised knowledge, Watson
meets with limited success in other cases. Holmes summed up the
problem that Watson confronted in one memorable rebuke from "A
Scandal in Bohemia": "Quite so... you see, but you do not observe."
In "The Adventure of the Solitary Cyclist," Watson's attempts to
assist Holmes's investigation prove unsuccessful because of his
unimaginative approach, for example, asking a London estate agent
who lives in a particular country residence. (According to Holmes,
what he should have done was "gone to the nearest public house" and
listened to the gossip.) Watson is too guileless to be a proper
detective. And yet, as Holmes acknowledges, Watson has unexpected
depths about him; for example, he has a definite strain of "pawky
humour", as Holmes observes in The Valley of Fear. On the whole,
however, Watson is naturally open and straightforward, while Holmes
can be secretive and devious.
Though initially their relationship was little more than one
between casual acquaintances sharing a set of rooms, Holmes and
Watson ultimately become the best of friends, almost like brothers.
By the time they shared "The Adventure of the Three Garridebs",
Holmes was so attached to his friend that he nearly lost his
composure at the thought that Watson had been fatally shot. Watson
wrote, "It was worth a wound—it was worth many wounds—to know the
depth of loyalty and love which lay behind that cold mask. The
clear, hard eyes were dimmed for a moment, and the firm lips were
shaking. For the one and only time I caught a glimpse of a great
heart as well as of a great brain. All my years of humble but
single-minded service culminated in that moment of revelation."
Holmes recovers his balance only when he is sure that Watson's
wound is slight, but a trace of his alarm and worry for Watson is
clear in his menacing reproof to the criminal who shot the doctor:
"If you had killed Watson, you would not have got out of this room
alive."
Oldacre appearing in The Adventure of the Norwood BuilderThough
Watson never masters Holmes's deductive methods, he can be astute
enough to follow his friend's reasoning after the fact. In "The
Adventure of the Norwood Builder," Holmes notes that John Hector
McFarlane is "a bachelor, a solicitor, a Freemason, and an
asthmatic". Watson comments as narrator: "Familiar as I was with my
friend's methods, it was not difficult for me to follow his
deductions, and to observe the untidiness of attire, the sheaf of
legal papers, the watch-charm, and the breathing which had prompted
them." Similar episodes occur in "The Adventure of the Devil's
Foot," "The Adventure of the Solitary Cyclist," and "The Adventure
of the Resident Patient." In "The Adventure of the Greek
Interpreter", we find a rare instance in which Watson rather than
Holmes correctly deduces the motives for the torture of the crime
victim.
In The Hound of the Baskervilles Watson shows that he has picked
up some of Holmes's skills at dealing with people from whom
information is desired—though, as a skilled doctor with a
first-rate bedside manner, Watson naturally would have such skills.
When Watson sees that his questions to Dr. Mortimer are arousing
too much curiosity, he manipulates the conversation so that
Mortimer soon forgets what they were discussing. (As he observes to
the reader, "I have not lived for years with Sherlock Holmes for
nothing.") Though he is on the wrong scent when seeking information
from Mr. Frankland, he succeeds in egging on the contrary old man
by using Holmes's trick of feigning lack of interest. And he
questions Laura Lyons much as Holmes might have done.
Watson was a fully competent doctor, and his knowledge proved
useful to Holmes on many occasions. In "The Adventure of Silver
Blaze," for example, his identification of a certain type of
surgical knife confirms Holmes's suspicions and helps him solve a
crucial puzzle in the larger mystery. In "The Boscombe Valley
Mystery," Watson's notes about the injury the murder victim had
sustained— a blow to the left side of the head from the back—
prompted Holmes to realise that their killer was left-handed, which
allowed him to narrow the list of suspects. In "The Adventure of
the Greek Interpreter," Watson's medical skill saves the life of
the client Mr. Melas, who was nearly killed by the story's villains
with gas poisoning. Holmes notes his respect for Watson's
professional skill in "The Adventure of the Dying Detective" when
he explains that he incorporated into his ruse of being deathly ill
a claim that his illness was highly contagious, since Holmes knew
that Dr. Watson never would have been deceived upon examining him
closely and discovering that an ostensibly dying man had neither a
high fever nor an abnormal pulse.
There are ample, though occasionally inconsistent, clues in the
stories giving rise to speculation as to whether he was married
twice or even thrice.
Watson as Holmes's biographer
At the end
of the first published Holmes story, A Study in Scarlet, Watson is
so impressed by Holmes's elegant handling of the case and so
incensed by Scotland Yard's claiming full credit for its solution
that he exclaims: "Your merits should be publicly recognised. You
should publish an account of the case. If you won't, I will for
you." Holmes suavely responds: "You may do what you like, Doctor."
Hence Watson did write the story, presented as "a reprint from the
reminiscences of John H. Watson".
In the first chapter of the second story that Watson records,
The Sign of Four, Holmes comments on Watson's first effort as a
biographer—but with a distinct lack of enthusiasm: "I glanced over
it. Honestly, I cannot congratulate you upon it. Detection is, or
ought to be, an exact science and should be treated in the same
cold and unemotional manner. You have attempted to tinge it with
romanticism… The only point in the case which deserved mention was
the curious analytical reasoning from effects to causes, by which I
succeeded in unravelling it."
Watson in his narrative admits, "I was annoyed at this criticism
of a work which had been specially designed to please him. I
confess, too, that I was irritated by the egotism which seemed to
demand that every line of my pamphlet should be devoted to his own
special doings. More than once during the years that I had lived
with him in Baker Street I had observed that a small vanity
underlay my companion's quiet and didactic manner."
As these lines suggest, in his later stories Watson stopped
trying to please Holmes and felt free to write about his friend
with astonishing frankness, sometimes commenting on his flaws and
his arrogance as well as describing his successes. Holmes
apparently did not care, and also remained unimpressed by Watson's
"sketches" of his cases. In "The Adventure of Wisteria Lodge," the
detective acidly refers to "those narratives with which you have
afflicted a long-suffering public". In "The Adventure of the
Blanched Soldier," one of only two stories supposedly written by
Holmes himself, the detective remarks about Watson: "I have often
had occasion to point out to him how superficial are his accounts
and to accuse him of pandering to popular taste instead of
confining himself rigidly to facts and figures." Yet, when Holmes
confronts the need to be his own chronicler, he realises just how
difficult it is to write a narrative that will hold the reader's
attention, and then he confesses that Watson would have been the
better choice to write the story. In any case, Holmes regularly
referred to Watson as my "faithful friend and biographer," and at
least once exclaims, "I am lost without my Boswell."
Outside the fiction, Holmes's deprecating remarks on Watson's
narratives resonate with Conan Doyle’s self-ironic view of his own
authorship. Although for decades he continued to write new Holmes
stories to satisfy an indulgent public, he saw himself "pandering
to popular taste", because the Holmes character “may perhaps have
stood a little in the way of the recognition of my more serious
literary work” (preface to The Case Book of Sherlock Holmes).
Ultimately, Conan Doyle felt frustration that he would be
remembered most likely for Holmes and Watson rather than for his
historical novels of chivalry, his defence of British conduct in
the Boer War and the First World War (for which he was knighted),
and his many writings on spiritualism.
In "The Adventure of the Abbey Grange," Holmes concedes to
Watson that "you have some power of selection, which atones for
much which I deplore in your narratives." Otherwise he maintained
his criticism: "Your fatal habit of looking at everything from the
point of view of a story instead of as a scientific exercise has
ruined what might have been an instructive and even classical
series of demonstrations. You slur over work of the utmost finesse
and delicacy, in order to dwell upon sensational details which may
excite, but cannot possibly instruct, the reader."
Holmes, Watson and Captain Croker in The Adventure of the Abbey
Grange.Watson, on the other hand, claimed that "in choosing a few
typical cases which illustrate the remarkable mental qualities of
my friend, Sherlock Holmes, I have endeavoured, as far as possible,
to select those which presented the minimum of sensationalism,
while offering a fair field for his talents." He found, though,
that it was "unfortunately impossible entirely to separate the
sensational from the criminal" ("The Adventure of the Cardboard
Box").
Holmes sometimes accuses Watson of exaggerating his abilities.
In "Silver Blaze", Holmes confesses: "I made a blunder, my dear
Watson—which is, I am afraid, a more common occurrence than anyone
would think who only knew me through your memoirs." When Holmes
felt he had bungled something, he could exclaim: "Watson, Watson,
if you are an honest man you will record this also and set it
against my successes!" (The Hound of the Baskervilles, chapters
5–6.) In his prologue to "The Adventure of the Yellow Face," Watson
himself remarked: "In publishing these short sketches [of Holmes’
cases]...it is only natural that I should dwell rather upon his
successes than upon his failures", although he notes that this is
also because where Holmes failed often nobody else succeeded.
Sometimes Watson (or rather Conan Doyle) seems determined to
stop publishing stories about Holmes. In "The Adventure of the
Second Stain", Watson declares that he had intended the previous
story (“The Adventure of the Abbey Grange”) "to be the last of
those exploits of my friend, Mr. Sherlock Holmes, which I should
ever communicate to the public," but later Watson decided that
"this long series of episodes should culminate in the most
important international case which he has ever been called upon to
handle" ("The Second Stain" being that case). Of course, the "long
series of episodes" did not end with this story; there were some
twenty stories yet to come.
As stated at the beginning of "The Adventure of the Veiled
Lodger," Watson was able to cooperate with Holmes during seventeen
of the twenty-three years the detective was in active practice,
keeping "notes of his doings". Watson's published accounts are
supposed to be based on these notes. In the later stories, written
after Holmes's retirement (ca. 1903–04), Watson repeatedly refers
to his notes about the various cases: "I have notes of many
hundreds of cases to which I have never alluded.” He explained that
after Holmes's retirement, the detective showed reluctance "to the
continued publication of his experiences. So long as he was in
actual professional practice the records of his successes were of
some practical value to him, but since he has definitely
retired…notoriety has become hateful to him" ("The Adventure of the
Second Stain"). But during Holmes's active career, the publicity
Watson gave to his cases was apparently good for business, however
superficial Watson’s narratives may have seemed to the
detective.
After Holmes's retirement, Watson often cites special permission
from his friend for the publication of further stories. Yet he also
received occasional unsolicited suggestions from Holmes about what
stories to tell, as noted at the beginning of "The Adventure of the
Devil's Foot". After receiving a telegram from Holmes, Watson
promptly "hunt[ed] out the notes which give me the exact details of
the case and to lay the narrative before my readers."
Watson refers to and even describes his "notes" in some stories.
Watson refers to "the three massive manuscript volumes which
contain our work for the year 1894," confessing that "it is very
difficult for me, out of such a wealth of material, to select the
cases which are most interesting" ("The Adventure of the Golden
Pince-Nez"). In "The Adventure of the Veiled Lodger," Watson speaks
of "a long row of year-books which fill a shelf," as well as "the
dispatch-cases filled with documents, a perfect quarry for the
student not only of crime but of the social and official scandals
of the late Victorian era." The published sixty stories are thus
only a fraction of the total number of cases handled by Holmes
during his career.
Despite the extensive notes referred to, sometimes it is not
quite clear where Watson gets his information from. For example,
Part 2 of A Study in Scarlet describes the early life of Jefferson
Hope, detailing his life in America and the events that finally
resulted in him committing the crimes that Holmes has solved in
Part 1. Part 1 is clearly Watson's work, describing events he
himself witnessed, but it is not clear how he could be the author
of Part 2. It gives the impression of being written by an
omniscient author. We hear nothing of the extensive interviews with
Hope that Watson must have conducted if he were to be the writer of
this part of the story as well.
The Valley of Fear is also split into two parts, Part 2 again
detailing the earlier life of a protagonist in America. This time
Conan Doyle inserted a minimal explanation for how Watson came to
possess the relevant information: In the last chapter of Part 1,
the person in question hands Watson a "bundle of paper" setting out
his story, and he encourages the doctor to "tell it your own way,"
referring to Watson as "the historian of the bunch." Part 2 is
written in novelistic format and with a remarkable amount of
detail, suggesting that Watson felt free to greatly elaborate on
the facts provided to him. (In particular, it seems unlikely that
the original “bundle of paper” would include lengthy, verbatim
transcripts of conversations that took place years earlier.)
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